{"data":{"id":48,"slug":"zakladni-stavebni-terminologie","title":"Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed stavebn\u00ed terminologie","excerpt":"Mnoho klient\u016f nezn\u00e1 stavebn\u00ed terminologii. V\u011bt\u0161inou se chystaj\u00ed stav\u011bt sv\u016fj prvn\u00ed d\u016fm, a tak na v\u0161echno teprve postupn\u011b p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed. Nav\u00edc nelze o\u010dek\u00e1vat, \u017ee si ka\u017ed\u00fd tyto odborn\u00e9 znalosti aktivn\u011b vyhled\u00e1 a bude se jim sna\u017eit detailn\u011b porozum\u011bt. Koneckonc\u016f se tak\u00e9 neu\u010d\u00edme latinsk\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy nemoc\u00ed, kdy\u017e ","content":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mnoho klient\u016f nezn\u00e1 stavebn\u00ed terminologii. V\u011bt\u0161inou se chystaj\u00ed stav\u011bt sv\u016fj prvn\u00ed d\u016fm, a tak na v\u0161echno teprve postupn\u011b p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed. Nav\u00edc nelze o\u010dek\u00e1vat, \u017ee si ka\u017ed\u00fd tyto odborn\u00e9 znalosti aktivn\u011b vyhled\u00e1 a bude se jim sna\u017eit detailn\u011b porozum\u011bt. Koneckonc\u016f se tak\u00e9 neu\u010d\u00edme latinsk\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy nemoc\u00ed, kdy\u017e jdeme k l\u00e9ka\u0159i. K funguj\u00edc\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ci mezi architektem\/stava\u0159em a klientem je v\u0161ak dobr\u00e9 m\u00edt alespo\u0148 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed p\u0159ehled o tom, jak se co naz\u00fdv\u00e1. Poj\u010fme si tedy z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pojmy nejen vyjmenovat, ale tak\u00e9 vysv\u011btlit.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Dispozice<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u010c\u00edseln\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed dispozice m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nap\u0159\u00edklad \u201e4+1\u201c \u010di \u201e4+kk\u201c. Prvn\u00ed \u010d\u00edslice ud\u00e1v\u00e1 po\u010det obytn\u00fdch m\u00edstnost\u00ed v dom\u011b. Zjednodu\u0161en\u011b m\u016f\u017eeme \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee jako obytn\u00e1 m\u00edstnost se ozna\u010duje ta, kter\u00e1 slou\u017e\u00ed k trval\u00e9mu bydlen\u00ed a m\u00e1 minim\u00e1ln\u00ed podlahovou plochu 8 m\u00b2 (nap\u0159. lo\u017enice, pracovna, ob\u00fdvac\u00ed pokoj). Naopak koupelna, \u0161atna ani technick\u00e1 m\u00edstnost nejsou obytnou m\u00edstnost\u00ed a z \u010d\u00edseln\u00e9ho ozna\u010den\u00ed dispozice tedy po\u010det t\u011bchto prostor nepozn\u00e1te. Druh\u00e1 \u010d\u00edslice, tedy \u201e+1\u201c, znamen\u00e1, \u017ee kuchyn\u011b je \u0159e\u0161ena jako samostatn\u00e1 m\u00edstnost s oknem. Je t\u00edm p\u00e1dem od ostatn\u00edch prostor odd\u011blena st\u011bnou. Naopak \u201e+kk\u201c znamen\u00e1 kuchy\u0148sk\u00fd kout, kter\u00fd je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ob\u00fdvac\u00edho pokoje. S\u00a0touto variantou se v modern\u00edch domech setk\u00e1me \u010dast\u011bji.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dumproradost.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Dispozice.jpg\"><img alt=\"Dispozice\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-204 size-full\" height=\"354\" loading=\"lazy\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" src=\"\/storage\/images\/Dispozice.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dumproradost.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Dispozice.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.dumproradost.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Dispozice-300x118.jpg 300w\" width=\"900\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>Podla\u017enost<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Existuj\u00ed dva druhy ozna\u010den\u00ed podla\u017enost\u00ed. V odborn\u00fdch kruz\u00edch se nej\u010dast\u011bji setk\u00e1me s ozna\u010den\u00edm: \u201e1.PP, 1.NP, 2.NP, 3.NP, \u2026, podkrov\u00ed\u201c. Ono \u201ePP\u201c znamen\u00e1 podzemn\u00ed podla\u017e\u00ed a \u201eNP\u201c nadzemn\u00ed podla\u017e\u00ed. Druh\u00fdm typem ozna\u010den\u00ed, v laick\u00fdch kruz\u00edch \u010dast\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdm, je: \u201esklep, p\u0159\u00edzem\u00ed, prvn\u00ed patro, druh\u00e9 patro, \u2026, podkrov\u00ed\u201c. Dne\u0161n\u00ed snahou je u\u017e\u00edvat pouze prvn\u00ed typ ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed, co\u017e je vid\u011bt jak v nov\u00fdch stavb\u00e1ch, tak t\u0159eba tak\u00e9 u rekonstruovan\u00fdch v\u00fdtah\u016f, kdy je pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na pr\u00e1v\u011b prvn\u00ed varianta.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dumproradost.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Podla\u017enost.jpg\"><img alt=\"Podla\u017enost\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-203 size-full\" height=\"455\" loading=\"lazy\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" src=\"\/storage\/images\/Podla\u017enost.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dumproradost.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Podla\u017enost.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.dumproradost.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Podla\u017enost-300x152.jpg 300w\" width=\"900\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>N\u011bkter\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed architektonick\u00e9 prvky<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Apsida<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Apsida v \u201emodern\u00edm\u201c pojet\u00ed je p\u016flkruhov\u00e1 \u010di 6-ti \u00faheln\u00edkov\u00e1 nika vystupuj\u00edc\u00ed z budovy. Slovo modern\u00ed je z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b v uvozovk\u00e1ch, nebo\u0165 tento prvek p\u0159evzat\u00fd z \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 antick\u00e9 architektury, je na nov\u00fdch stavb\u00e1ch dnes pova\u017eov\u00e1n sp\u00ed\u0161e za nevkusn\u00e9 zdoben\u00ed fas\u00e1dy. Na obl\u00edbenosti apsid\u011b nep\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 ani fakt, \u017ee velmi \u010dasto prostor, kter\u00fd v interi\u00e9ru vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 dob\u0159e vyu\u017e\u00edvat (pokud tedy nechcete do apsidy um\u00edstit jako sta\u0159\u00ed \u0158\u00edman\u00e9 sochy bo\u017estev).<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ark\u00fd\u0159<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u00fdstupek, kter\u00fd vy\u010dn\u00edv\u00e1 z pr\u016f\u010del\u00ed budovy nebo jej\u00edho n\u00e1ro\u017e\u00ed nad 1.NP (p\u0159\u00edzem\u00edm). D\u0159\u00edve byly ark\u00fd\u0159e posazeny na nosn\u00fdch v\u00fdstupc\u00edch ze zdiva. Dnes jsou neseny stropn\u00ed konstrukc\u00ed spodn\u00edho podla\u017e\u00ed, nebo jsou tvo\u0159eny jako r\u00e1mov\u00e9 \u017eelezobetonov\u00e9 konstrukce.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vik\u00fd\u0159<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nadst\u0159e\u0161n\u00ed konstrukce, kter\u00e1 slou\u017e\u00ed k prosv\u011btlen\u00ed a prov\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00edstnosti pod st\u0159echou. Sou\u010dasn\u011b vik\u00fd\u0159e zv\u011bt\u0161uj\u00ed pou\u017eitelnou v\u00fd\u0161ku pod st\u0159echou. Jejich konstrukce je v\u0161ak pom\u011brn\u011b slo\u017eit\u00e1. Proto se dnes \u010dast\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed st\u0159e\u0161n\u00ed okna do \u0161ikm\u00fdch st\u0159ech, kter\u00e9 zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed optim\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsun denn\u00edho sv\u011btla.<\/span><\/p>\n","featured_image":"https:\/\/test.cekit.cz\/storage\/images\/Dispozice.jpg","published_at":"2016-05-04T15:18:48+00:00","reading_time":3,"view_count":11,"original_url":"https:\/\/www.dumproradost.cz\/2016\/zakladni-stavebni-terminologie\/","meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"author":{"id":5,"name":"Ji\u0159\u00ed Bos\u00e1k","slug":"jiri-bosak","avatar":null},"categories":[{"id":6,"name":"Co se jinam neveslo","slug":"co-se-jinam-neveslo","color":"#2563eb","icon":null,"sort_order":0}]}}